1. 虚拟条件句(Unreal Conditional Sentences)
与现在事实相反(If + 过去式,主句 would/could/might + 动词原形):
If I were you, I would take the job.
如果我是你,我会接受这份工作。
解析: “我是你”是不可能的情况,因此用虚拟语气。
与过去事实相反(If + 过去完成时,主句 would/could/might + have + 过去分词):
If she had studied harder, she would have passed the exam.
如果她更努力学习,她就会通过考试。
解析: 事实是她没有努力学习,也没有通过考试。
2. 祝愿和建议(Wishes & Suggestions)
表示愿望(wish + 过去式 / 过去完成式):
I wish I had more time.
我希望我有更多时间。(但事实是没有)
I wish I had met you earlier.
我希望我能早一点认识你。(但事实是没有早认识)
表示建议(suggest / demand / insist that + 主语 + 动词原形):
I suggest that he go there at once.
我建议他立刻去那里。
解析: “go” 用原形动词,表示虚拟语气。
3. 重要考试考点(Common Exam Triggers)
- If 引导的虚拟条件句(特别是 were 代替 was)
- wish 表达的虚拟愿望
- suggest/demand/insist 句型中的原形动词
- It is important/necessary that... 后接动词原形
总结:
- 现在虚拟:if + 过去式,主句 would/could + 动词原形
- 过去虚拟:if + 过去完成式,主句 would/could + have + 过去分词
- wish / suggest / insist 句型需用虚拟语气
1. 虚拟条件句(Unreal Conditional Sentences)
与现在事实相反(If + 过去式,主句 would/could/might + 动词原形):
If I were you, I would take the job.
如果我是你,我会接受这份工作。
解析: “我是你”是不可能的情况,因此用虚拟语气。
与过去事实相反(If + 过去完成时,主句 would/could/might + have + 过去分词):
If she had studied harder, she would have passed the exam.
如果她更努力学习,她就会通过考试。
解析: 事实是她没有努力学习,也没有通过考试。
2. 祝愿和建议(Wishes & Suggestions)
表示愿望(wish + 过去式 / 过去完成式):
I wish I had more time.
我希望我有更多时间。(但事实是没有)
I wish I had met you earlier.
我希望我能早一点认识你。(但事实是没有早认识)
表示建议(suggest / demand / insist that + 主语 + 动词原形):
I suggest that he go there at once.
我建议他立刻去那里。
解析: “go” 用原形动词,表示虚拟语气。
3. 重要考试考点(Common Exam Triggers)
- If 引导的虚拟条件句(特别是 were 代替 was)
- wish 表达的虚拟愿望
- suggest/demand/insist 句型中的原形动词
- It is important/necessary that... 后接动词原形
总结:
- 现在虚拟:if + 过去式,主句 would/could + 动词原形
- 过去虚拟:if + 过去完成式,主句 would/could + have + 过去分词
- wish / suggest / insist 句型需用虚拟语气